Ebrei ed ebraismo a Pisa. Un millennio di ininterrotta presenza-Jews and Judaism in Pisa. A millennium of uninterrupted presence

For more or less the whole of the second millennium of the common era Jews residing in Pisa have gathered together to celebrate, year after year, perhaps with the sole exception of that terrifying 1943-1944, the Sabbaths and Festivals of the Hebrew Calendar.
But the Jews who met, each time, to celebrate these occasions were not always the same, or their children or grandchildren, as those of the previous years. The number of Jewish families who could, or can, boast a continual permanence in Pisa that exceeds two centuries can be counted on the fingers of one hand.
The continuity of the Jewish settlement in the city is made up of a sort of "relay team" composed of families coming from different places who after some decades were substituted by other Jews who took their places.